轴向间隙对动 /静相干叶排内部非定常特性的影响

本文采用文献［3,4］所发展的滑移界面技术,求解了不同轴向间隙时某一透平级内的非定常流场, 发现轴向间隙由0.152倍栅距变化到0.533倍栅距时,监测点速度u的相对振幅由26.27%下降为7.94%; 速度v的相对振幅由21.34%下降到7.3%。计算结果表明轴向间隙的增大将使动/静叶排间的相互干扰作用减弱,从而使其内部非定常流动特性减小,为设计工作提供了参考依据     

非光滑叶片对叶栅流道内通道涡影响的实验研究

在低速平面叶栅风洞中对光滑叶片叶栅及三种非光滑叶片叶栅进行了实验研究,以研究 与光滑叶片相比,非光滑叶片对叶栅流道内通道涡发展变化的影响。实验结果表明,与光滑叶片相 比,非光滑叶片对叶栅流道内的通道涡有明显的影响,通道涡的位置沿节距方向移向流道中心处, 沿叶高方向不变,通道涡的强度有所减弱。分析了非光滑叶片的影响原因。     

Precision and sensitivity optimization of quantitative measurements in solid state NMR

This work presents a methodology for optimizing the precision, accuracy and sensitivity of quantitative solid state NMR measurements based on the external reference method. It is shown that the sample must be exclusively located within and completely span the coil region where the NMR response is directly proportional to the sample amount. We describe two methods to determine this "quantitative" coil volume, based on whether the probe is equipped or not with a gradient coil. In addition, to improve the sensitivity and the accuracy, an optimum rotor packing design is described, which allows the sample volume of the rotor to be matched to the quantitative coil volume. Experiments conducted on adamantane and NaCl, which are representative of a soft and hard material, respectively, show that one order of magnitude increase in experimental precision can be achieved with this methodology. Interestingly, the precision can be further improved by using the ERETIC method in order to compensate for most instrumental instabilities.     

一个跨音风扇级转/静干扰流动的时间精确模拟

本文采用双时间步法,较为方便地将孤立叶排定常流场求解拓广为转／静干扰非定常流场时间精确求解,而且该流场时间精确求解方法收敛速度较作者最初工作有较大提高．文章通过对一跨音风扇级非定常流场时间精确模拟,对叶轮机非定常流动建立了一定理解．     

Dependence of the rate constants on the treatment of internal rotation modes: the reaction OH + CH3SH --> CH3S + H2O as an example

The title reaction has been used as an example to test the importance of using a hindered rotor treatment instead of a harmonic oscillator model for calculating vibrational partition functions corresponding to low-frequency internal rotation modes. First, a normal-mode analysis according to the Ayala and Schlegel's algorithm has been used to identify the internal rotation modes of methanethiol and the transition state structure. Then, after calculation of the energy barrier for each internal rotation, the corresponding hindered rotor partition functions have been calculated following the CW scheme of Chuang and Truhlar. The results show that the anharmonic treatment produces a rather modest improvement of the rate constants at room temperature or below.     

Effects of entropy on the gas-phase pyrolysis of ethyl N,N-dimethylcarbamate

In this study, we examined the gas-phase pyrolysis of ethyl N,N-dimethylcarbamate theoretically at various theoretical levels. The reaction consists of a two-step mechanism, with N,N-dimethylcarbamic acid and ethylene as reaction intermediates. In the first step, the reaction proceeds via a six-membered cyclic transition state (TS), which is more favorable than that via a four-membered cyclic TS. Here, the contribution of entropy to the overall potential energy surface was found to play an important role in determining the rate-limiting step, which was found to be the second step when viewed in terms of the enthalpy of activation (DeltaH(not equal)), but the first step when entropy changes (-TDeltaS(not equal)) were considered. These results are consistent with experimental findings. Moreover, the experimental activation entropy can be reproduced by using the hindered rotor approximation, which converts some low vibration frequencies that correspond to internal rotational modes into hindered rotors.     

缘线匹配对非定常流动影响初探

为深化缘线匹配对叶轮机非定常流动影响的认识,本文以关注尾迹撞击叶表展向轨迹为出发点,围绕缘线匹配对叶轮机非定常流动及性能影响进行了初步数值探索.研究表明:不同缘线匹配时叶片整体性能参数具有不同的脉动水平;给定缘线匹配下,整体性能参数脉动幅值随工况几乎不变或变化很缓;在设计点为达到降低某种脉动目的而实施的缘线匹配在非设计点同样有效;尽管微弱,数值模拟中还发现缘线匹配对上游尾迹随流掺混产生影响;缘线匹配严重影响时均相关项量值水平,尤其在叶尖、叶根和前缘附近.     

跨音速轴流风扇转子叶顶泄漏流的数值研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了不同间隙,不同流量工况下叶顶泄漏流非定常流动特征,发现在研究的三个间隙中,只有当间隙大于或等于设计间隙时,流动才会出现非定常性.随着流量的减小,泄漏涡轨迹前移,当泄漏涡轨迹到达相邻叶片压力面时,影响压力面压力分布,打破流场静态平衡,引起叶顶流场及激波位置、强度发生非定常波动.     

Investigation on Properties of Polypropylene/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites Prepared by a Novel Eccentric Rotor Extruder Based on Elongational Rheology

The properties of polymer matrix composites are related not only to the chemical composition of the materials but also to the processing equipment used for their preparation which has a direct influence on the microstructure of the composites. In this paper polypropylene (PP)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending through a self-developed, eccentric rotor extruder (ERE). The structure and elongational deformation mechanism of an ERE were described in detail. The morphological, rheological, thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting PP/MWCNTs nanocomposites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rheological analysis showed that the MWCNTs were well dispersed in the PP matrix. The thermal stability was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and indicated that the addition of MWCNTs could effectively improve the thermal stability of pure PP. The percentage of crystallinity and tensile strength of the composites were improved as a result of the heterogeneous nucleation effect of the MWCNTs in the PP matrix. The research results revealed that the enhancement of the properties of PP/MWCNTs composites could be attributed to a better dispersion of the MWCNTs in the matrix as compared to samples prepared by conventional extrusion.     

Quantum simulation of disordered systems with cold atoms

This paper reviews the physics of quantum disorder in relation with a series of experiments using laser-cooled atoms exposed to “kicks” of a standing wave, realizing a paradigmatic model of quantum chaos, the kicked rotor. This dynamical system can be mapped onto a tight-binding Hamiltonian with pseudo-disorder, formally equivalent to the Anderson model of quantum disorder, with quantum chaos playing the role of disorder. This provides a very good quantum simulator for the Anderson physics.